1985 – Nuclear Maintenance Robot “AMOOTY” – Tokyo Uni / Toshiba (Japanese)

1985 – Nuclear Inspection Robot "AMOOTY" climbing stairs in a mock-up of a nuclear power plant. Before AMOOTY there was MOOTY. No manipulator arm here, just vision and star-wheel propulsion. Text Source: Inside The Robot Kingdom, Frederik L. Schodt, 1988 If cleverly designed, a robot on modified wheels or tank treads can still have considerable …

1971 – Manned/Unmanned Lunar Explorer (MULE) Concept – NASA (American)

Manned/Unmanned Lunar Explorer (MULE) Another Dual-Mode (Manned/Unmanned) LRV for Post-Apollo missions. This one with manipluator arms. Courtesy of one of NASAs system engineering courses. Source: here. See other early Space Teleoperators here. See other early Lunar Robots here.

1962 – Unmanned Space Mobot (Concept) – Hughes Aircraft (American)

Hughes Space Mobot concept. John W. Clark, Ph.D. NUCLEAR ELECTRONICS LABORATORY HUGHES AIRCRAFT COMPANY CULVER CITY, CALIFORNIA ROLE OF REMOTE HANDLING IN SPACE [c1962] Orbiting Vehicles In connection with orbiting vehicles, remote-handling techniques can advantageously be employed in connection with maintenance and repair, assembly in orbit, and personnel transfer. Maintenance and repair is, of cause, …

1959 – Lunar Robot Mobot (Concept) – Hughes Aircraft (American)

MACHINE TO EXPLORE MOON FIRST EXPLORER of the moon may be a machine. Roaming the crust, it would collect samples of rocks and dust with mechanical fingers, under remote control of spacemen remaining safely within a landed rocket ship. Hughes Aircraft company designers say it could be patterned closely after their Mobot, a mobile mechanical …

1981-3 – Pluto CMU Rover – Hans Moravec et al (American)

CMU Rover (showing camera slide). The CMU rover wheel drive assembly (simplified cross section). CMU Rover base assembly (showing wheels).   Basic robotics concepts – John M. Holland – 1983 The CMU Rover Fully Independent Drive At the time of this writing [1983] Dr. Hans Moravec at Carnegie-Mellon University is constructing a new mobile robotic …