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Oakland Tribune 22 Aug 1957 Lauren V. Merritt, 17, son of Mr. and Mrs. L.C. Merritt of El Cerrito, was concerned. "Gizzmo is acting up," he said. "Gizzmo" is a maze-solving robot. Push a button anywhere and a light bounces through a ?complicated maze? and "Gizzmo" remembers the way out.…
The Thomas Ross Maze Learning Machine showing its feeler tracking the slots of this comb-shaped maze. See complete Scientific American 1933 article titled "Machines That Think" - pdf here.
Robert J. Curran's Mechanical Maze is included here as it is essentially a mechanical computer, exhibiting similar characteristics as other electro-mechanical maze solvers. As the mouse travels a path, if it has to back out due to a dead-end, the return pass triggers a mechanical latch to give the maze a…
In 1952, Richard A. Wallace built a Maze Solving Computer as a model of "machine learning". His definition of learning is "The ability to modify a response to a stimulus because of past experience with the stimulus." see full pdf here.
Anthony Deutsch, aged 26, with his maze runner from Oxford University's Institute of Experimental Psychology. The head-lamp on the trolley is turned on, and various photo-electric cells are mounted at strategic points in the maze. Deutsch's Maze runner was considered the most sophisticated at the time. It was capable of transferring…
Johan de Boer's description (from private correspondence 2010) "A second project [ RH: to the Cybernetic Mouse] was the maze where a light was used to indicate the position of an imaginary mouse in the maze. The maze could be changed with small removable barriers. Each square had a small…
wallace-maze-1952
Shannon-Maze-PopSci_Mar1952
Deutsch-Maze-Runner
Deutsch-Maze-Discovery-Dec1955
MELPAR-maze - Popular Electronics Oct 1962 (Bionics)
See Quester details and other references in David Buckley's website here. Quester was originally designed to be a micromouse maze solver, and later converted into a general purpose robot with added gripper (see above). David also has a reference to the history of Micromouse competitions here. For the original Micromouse…
Clause Shannon's 1951 Maze-Solving Mouse
The diagrammatic view of the 1950-1 Maze-solving Mouse built by Claude A. Shannon. Claude Shannon knew Edmund C. Berkeley quite well. Berkeley had two young associates working part-time with him on his early robots, by the names of Ivan and Bert Sutherland. Ivan was soon to have Claude Shannon as his…
This page contains a timeline showing early and significant Maze Solving machines. The dates being the creation or announcement date of these machines. IF IMAGE IS CLICKABLE, then a blog post exists for it. Check out the updates page for recent posts. 1933- Thomas Ross -Learning machine 1935- Smith / Ross - Rat 1937-…
The original article appeared in Scientific American, The Amateur Scientist, An Electronic Mouse That Learns From Experience by Harry Rudloe, 1955 Mar, pg 116 . This copy from C. L. Stong. The Amateur Scientist. Ill. by Roger Hayward. S&S, 1960. The Electronic Mouse That Learns From Experience, pp. 394-398. Harry…
Source: Xenia Daily Gazette Mon, May 24, 1971 Computerized mouse maze first of 3 long-term projects for Xenian. by Ward Pimley - Gazette staff writer To a research psychologist, running a mouse through a maze to investigate behavior patterns is a common occurrence. But to an electronic engineering drawing specialist…
Ian P. Howard Maze Solver
Generalisation Of Learning In A Machine - Lee (Maze learning machine)
FRANKEN The original Franken maze solver was designed and built by Bert and Ivan Sutherland. I suspect it was built for Edmund C. Berkeley. Berkeley , it appears, had used the early version as a prototype, and engaged his other associates, namely Bob Jensen, Juli Skalski and Stan Skalski in drawing up…
Maze currently found in Polytechnic Museum of Science and Technology , Moscow. Cybernetic model "Mouse in the maze" (see video clip here) [Thanks Joseba Arruabarrena as the video clip is now on youtube.] One of the first developments in the field of cybernetics in the Soviet Union. Modeling ability to…
Internals showing N-S, E-W carriage, Relays, Uni-selector, motors, amongst other electrical components. See 18 mins 51 secs in for 27 seconds. See 9 mins 16 secs in for 32 seconds. As the 1952 maze solver was recently at the MIT Museum. Picture from Life Magazine 28 July 1952. Top trace…
Maisie the Robot (c1977) with David Strange. From a comment below, David Strange informs me that the robot he called Maizie was a maze solving robot whilst he was working for the BBC Open University. It was used in several programmes on cognitive psychology. Thanks David. From further correspondence with David…
In the pulp magazine "Astounding Science Fiction" of August, 1950, J. J. Coupling (Pseudonym) wrote an article titled "How To Build A Thinking Machine". It used a trial and error approach, using a maze as an example. There is no evidence to date that suggests it was ever realized. The article is…
MECHANICAL RAT FINDS WAY IN MAZE - Popular Science Nov 1935 As if endowed with powers of reasoning, a mechanical “rat” devised by Dr. Stevenson Smith, University of Washington psychologist, threads its way through an artificial maze like those used to study the behavior of living rats. The three-wheeled, electric-powered device…
Pittsburgh Post-Gazette - Feb 1, 1967 ........ He [Professor Meredith Wooldridge Thring, 51, professor of mechanical engineering at London's Queen Mary College] suggested a trip to one of his laboratories. "Here you see our mechanical rat," he explained. He pointed to a gadget about the size of a boy's electric…
pdf - Popular Electronics October 1962 Bionics Bionic "Mouse." As mentioned earlier, RCA is working on a far more complicated moving-target indicator containing hundreds of neurons which operates on the same principle. But perhaps the most important piece of neural-bionic hardware to come out of the laboratories so far is a…
Now in the Vienna Technical Museum. Period photo showing Richard Eier opening the covers of the Labyrinth. Zitat: Gerhard Chroust, "Cybernetic Animals at the Technical University of Vienna" , in IFSR Newsletter, Vol. 18, Nummer 2, Seite(n) 2, 1999 CYBERNETIC ANIMALS AT THE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF VIENNA G. Chroust Around…
In 1951 Marvin Minsky teamed with Dean Edmonds build the first artificial neural network that simulated a rat finding its way through a maze. They designed the first (40 neuron) neurocomputer, SNARC (Stochastic Neural Analog Reinforcement Computer), with synapses that adjusted their weights (measures of synaptic permeabilities) according to the…
Caption: Here is "Robie," the amazing radio controlled mechanical man that can do practically everything but think. He is the brain child of Arthur Wilson of Chicago, Illinois. Modern Mechanix December 1936 Mechanical Wonder Man Is Operated By Radio Control "Robie," a mechanical robot walks, talks, smokes and winks his…
Ian P. Howard with his Maze Runner (Photo supplied by Ian P. Howard - April 2008) Note the novel use of hexagonal tiles to give the branched track. Prof. Dr. Ian P. Howard Distinguished Research Professor of Psychology and Biology Founder of the Centre for Vision Research York University…
"Moonlight Special" Photo at Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories Top - "Moonlight Special" , Middle- "Moonlight Flash" , Bottom Right - "Midnight Express" all in full dress. In 1977, Machine Design sponsored yet another mouse contest, "The great Clock Climbing Contest", coupled with the rediscovered information of the 1972 "Le Mouse…
Hobby Electronics magazine (November 1979-January 1980) describes an autonomous robot. HEBOT is a free roaming robot which can negotiate obstacles, steer towards a light (infra red) and follow a wire (A.C. current) around your home. HEBOT emits a squeak when it detects light or following a collision. Control is transferred…
The Los Alamos Minotaur—presumably so called because of its bull-like strength and man-like arms—is an exception to the statement that electrical unilateral manipulator arms are used singly (fig. 108 below). A pair of manipulator arms plus a second pair of adjustable arms holding lights and TV cameras protrude from a…
Who is Ivan E. Sutherland? Ivan was born in 1938, Nebraska, USA and is a computer pioneer, inventing Sketchpad, being the first what we now call a Graphical User Interface (GUI). He also built a walking machine, but that will be the subject to another post later. As an under-graduate student,…
A Machine Capable of Being Conditioned Joseph R. Cautela; Harutune Mikaelian The American Journal of Psychology, Vol. 76, No. 1. (Mar., 1963), pp. 128-134. RH2009-Its interesting to note that in the introduction is says "type of conditioned reflex machine developed by Slukin, who tells of a machine that was conditioned…
The model seen here is Dr. Andre (Andrew) John Angyan's first cybernetic model, Machine Reproducatrix, built in Budapest, Hungary. It very much follows the Grey Walter tortoise in terms of construction and function (of CORA - Machina Docilis). His later machines, constructed by Kretz with Zemanek, are the subject of a later…
1960 - "Beauregard" the Robot by Tom Graham. There are 17 buttons on the control panel, which Tom uses to make the mechanical man do his bidding. Aided by his machinist dad, the lad labored for 15 months to perfect the robot. Operating a 17-button control panel, Tom Graham is…
This copy of a letter from 1957 describes the first "Mechanical Animal" built by the Sutherland brothers, Bert and Ivan. Here’s a transcript of the letter sent from Ivan E. Sutherland to Grey Walter in 1957: Nov 10. [IES to WGW] “Dear Sir: Early last month I had sent…
Built in 1985 Robot George, it's 25 years old Dan Mathias first big robot and 40 inches tall, and weights 110 lbs, has one Pentium III - 600 MHz Lap-Top, with 128 meg ram and 20 Gig ide hard drive, sound blaster voice input, voice syntheses and image processing and…
Updates to the cyberneticzoo.com website. See also the Cybernetic Zoo facebook page for more commentary on updates. 28 Dec 2015 Added 1960 by "Beauregard" the Robot by Tom Graham. 25 Dec 2015 Added 1959 by "DUHAB" by Lawrence Lipton and Bill Riola. 21 Dec 2015 Added 1965 - "Mr. Obos" the…
At this stage I have very little information on Friedman's ADROIT. If I can get hold of his paper I will add exceprts here. ---------------- interesting reference from SRI Shakey's 1966 interim paper "Definition of the Automaton System Factors Influencing the Choice of a Mission There is not much prior art in…
Product Description (of Version 2.0) Imagine pushing a button, walking away, and having clean floors an hour later. That futuristic scenario is now here with the Trilobite, the hands-free, "intelligent" robotic vacuum first introduced in Europe by Electrolux. While it isn't the first robotic home vacuum, the Trilobite is a…
The above three images suggest there is a film clip out there somewhere. The Vienna Tortoises: Left: 1954 Eichler's Schildkröte; Centre: 1959 Kretz/Angyan/Zemanek Machina Combinatrix; Right: 1965 Bielowski Schildkröte HANS KRETZ: An Interview Conducted by David Morton, IEEE History Center, 25 July 1996 Interview #283 for the IEEE History Center,…
This page will contain a selection of early Bionics including CYBORG technologies and Neural computing, and dates showing the creation or announcement of these and related technologies. If image is clickable, then a blog post exists for it. Check out the updates page for the most recent posts. History…
Thinking Machines - Maze solver