1959 – Cybernetic Mice play Hockey – Mullard (British)

An early example of multiple robotic creatures operating together. Other than light and touch sensors, there's no other apparent interaction with them. Possibly an early but simple example of swarm robotics and collaborative robots. English translation of article text: To emphasize wont in machine control, a British firm [Mullard] of electronic devices has created these mechanical …

1955 – Electronic Mouse Maze Solver – Harry Rudloe (American)

The original article appeared in Scientific American, The Amateur Scientist,  An Electronic Mouse That Learns From Experience by Harry Rudloe, 1955 Mar, pg 116 .   This copy from C. L. Stong.  The Amateur Scientist.  Ill. by Roger Hayward.  S&S, 1960.  The Electronic Mouse That Learns From Experience, pp. 394-398.  Harry Rudloe describes a relay circuit …