1955 – Space Tug (Illustration) – Nikolay Kolchitsky (Soviet)

Illustrations from the book “Travel To Distant Worlds” written by Karl Gilzen. The illustrations are dated 1955 and are by Nikolay Kolchitsky (Николай Кольчицкий) .  The Space Tugs are manned and have what appears to be simple mechanical arms. The covers to both the Soviet version and the English version of the book. Another similar illustration …

1982-4 – MAR-1 Agricultural Robot – Moscow Institute of Agricultural Engineers (Soviet)

Autonomous Mobile Robot (MAR-1) [Мобильный автономный робот (МАР-1)] was created by the Division of agricultural robotics at the Moscow Institute of Agricultural Engineers in the early 1980s in the Soviet Union. English text and some images sourced from Vadym Shvachko's Robotic blog here. The first model of MAR-1. Image source – Ð®Ð½Ñ‹Ð¹ техник 1982-11, страница 16 The first …

1959 – Sverdlovsk Cybernetic Tortoise – (Soviet)

English text translated from the original German: (for pictures and diagrams, see pdf below) The Cybernetic Model "Tortoise" Cybernetics – In recent years, a new science was born. It enables machines to replace with highly skilled human labor, eg by electronic calculators. These machines are very complicated in structure, and only specialists with high qualifications …

1971 – Stepping/Walking Machine – Katysu [Катыс] – (Soviet)

Professor Katsyu [Профессор Г. Катыс] with his walker. Source: «Ð¢ÐµÑ…ника-молодежи» 1972 г â„–2, с.16-17, 19 Build the model! Full source: Юный-техник 1972-01  Sample walking actions. Professor GP Katysu proposed a model of two-link wheeled walking mechanism, the principle of operation is reduced as an obstacle to one link and deferred to his center of gravity of the …