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Russian-Walking-Machine-Model-1974-04
Russian-Walking-Machine-Model-1974-04
Russian-Model-Walking=Machine-1974-05
Russian-Model-Walking=Machine-1974-05
Russian-6-legged-walking-model-1969
1969-70 – SEEK – Nicholas Negroponte (American)
"Seek", 1970 by Nicholas Negroponte with the Architecture Machine Group , M.I.T. Originally shown at the "Software" exhibition, curated by Jack Burnham for the Jewish Museum in New York 1970. This piece consisted of a Plexiglass encased, computer-controlled environment full of small blocks and inhabited by gerbils, who continuously changed the position…
1965-70 – Mobile Sculptures – Robert Breer (American)
zig - 1965 - styrofoam, motors. Above: Float. 1967. Osaka-1, Expo '70 Robert Breer Born in Detroit, 1926. 1949, after graduation from Stanford University (where he won the annual printing award), moved to Paris. Exhibited in group shows there at the Denise René Gallery from 1950 to…
1971 – PrOP-M Mars Mini Rover (Soviet)
PrOP-M is now at the museum in St.Petersburg. PrOP-M (Device Evaluation Terrain - Mars) [Note: the acronym only works in Russian] ПрОП-Ðœ (Прибор Оценки ПроходимоÑти - МарÑ) Mass………………………………………………4 kg Overall dimensions…………………………215x160x60 mm Travel speed……………………………………1 m/h Power consumption………………………………5 W Customer: Lavochkin Association. (First translated article) Two automated rovers reached Mars in 1971…
1979 – 6-legged Walking Machine – Efimov et al (Soviet)
Above stills from the video clip. The mechanical model was developed at the Institute VNIITRANSMASH (St. Petersburg). The parameters of the machine are the follows: body length 0,6 m and body width 0,25 m, weight 40 kg, length of leg 0,4 m (Efimov et al., 1982). Efimov, V., Kudriasev, M. & Titov, A.(1982).…
1985 – “NMIIIA” Hexapod Manned Rover – (Russian)
See a few seconds of "NMIIIA" in operation in the above Walking Machine compilation video. As it exists today in Volga city of Togliatti is widely known as the birthplace of "Lada" and "LAD". But there is another interesting attraction, which we know not all - the Technical Museum…
1977 – IPM Six-Legged Walker with Laser Scanning – Okhotsimski et al (Soviet)
The insect-like walkers were referred to as "cockroaches". In the early 70s, at the Institute of Applied mathematics (IPM) of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Moscow, a six-legged walking machine controlled on a base of a mathematical model of motion control was developed. The machine motion and the terrain…
1975 – “LIIIM” Mars Walking Device (Soviet)
see a few seconds of "LIIIM" in operation here. "LIIIM" running mock-up with ski-walking propulsive device (1975) Running mock-up was created in accordance with the "Mars-75" program. Purpose: investigation of the ski-walking method of motion over powdered soil having low bearing strength. Each ski has two electromechanical drives. Mass…………………………………………240 kg…
1972 – Manned Hexapod (Model) – Ignatiev (Soviet)
In 1974, a hexapod with legs arranged radially about a central vertical axis was made in the Aviation Instrument Institute in St.Petersburg. (Ignatyev et al, 1974). Ignatyev, M., F.M.Kulakov & Mihaeilov, A.(1974). Algorithms for control of robot-manipulators. Mechanics of Machines 46, “Nauka”, Moscow, (in Russian). [RH-2012- The arm on the…
197x – Unknown Bipedal Walking Machine (Soviet)
The biped walker has been featuring on footage on the history of the Russian moon rover Lunokhod. I extracted those scenes and included in my cobbled together Early Walking Machine compilation video clip on Youtube. Usually shown with footage of other Russian Lunar or Martian Unmanned Rover walking machines. Possibly…
1904 – Apparatus for Facilitating Walking or Running – Skorzewski (West Prussian)
(1904 claims) Skorzewski's Apparatus for Facilitating Walking or Running avoids one of the main causes of muscular fatigue, namely the necessity of a man's lifting his centre of gravity a certain height at every step. During the period of descent there is no compensation for the energy expended. The muscles…
1990 – Iron Mule Train – Revisited by D.J. Todd (American)
Todd's paper is very readable. See pdf here. Note that although referred to as a "train", Todd appears to have only built one. So the original "train" aspects have been lost. Its interesting to note that "BigDog" does have the concept for a "train", where the lead dog follows its…
1976-9 “ReCUS” Underwater Walking Machine – Ishino et al (Japanese)
from "Walking robot with a circulating gait - Intelligent Robots and Systems - IROS 90. by JE Bares Perhaps the simplest walkers that can travers rough terrain are frame-type walkers. An example is the Komatsu underwater octopod. ReCUS, which consists of two rectangular frames, each with four telescoping legs -…
1980 – AT-AT (Star Wars) – Joe Johnston (American)
The images here from the book "Industrial Light & Magic". I located this interview given by Joe Johnston, who worked for ILM during the production of Star Wars. BTL = Below The Line Former Industrial Light and Magic art director Joe Johnston became a feature film director over 20 years…
1981 – “Joggercycle” Hybrid Walking Bicycle – (Japanese)
"Bicycle built for shoe" Oct (19th?), 1981 Tokyo, Mon. - On your bike - and run! This ingenious contraption, being driven by a Japanese inventor, is a joggercycle. Pedal power drives a pair of running shoes through a mechanical linkage. The joggercycle reached the finals of a Japanese industrial firm's…
1977c – Hybrid Walking Cart – I. Lyagusha (Soviet)
The construction of passenger carts walking beam engine of the Soviet inventor I. Lyagusha from Lysychansk (Fig. 1) is programmed more complex trajectory of the 'legs', which is based on t? kzhe is oval. These walking machine with a pre-laid in them the program of the movement "legs" go blind,…
1934 – Legged Unicycle (American)
from Popular Mechanics , June 1934 STILT CYCLE HAS TWO LEGS INSTEAD OF WHEELS Wooden legs replace the wheels on a stilt cycle made by a Los Angeles man who proudly boasts that he can now sit down while walking. The two legs are pedaled like a bicycle, the rider…
D.J. Todd – Iron Mule Train 1990
D.J. Todd - Iron Mule Train 1990
1976 – OSU Hexapod – McGhee (American)
Earlier 1976 version sans stereo cameras. See a few seconds of McGhee's OSU Hexapod in motion in my walking machine compilation video clip. Stop Press! 20 Oct 2010: Just found fabulous footage of this walker plus others. 50meg download. mp4 runs for 16 mins. see here. McGhee used Electric drill's…
1976 – “Masha” Hexapod – Gurfinkel et al (Soviet)
Masha being used in some force-feedback experiments. The experiment here to feed a cylinder into an inclined funnel. See Devjanin-Schneider paper here. The above three images show experimentation by Gorinevsky. His paper is available here. Gorinevsky produced a video of the walking machine. After many media transformations, the quality is…
Devjanin-Schneider Force-control using Masha hexapod
Devjanin-Schneider Force-control using Masha hexapod
1983 – Six-Legged Walking Machine – Bessonov (Russian)
Diagram from Bessonov's and Umnov's paper. As seen at the Russian Polytechnic Museum in Moscow. Abstract from Bessonov's and Umnov's 1983 paper. This paper shows that in the task of the maintenance of constant orientation of the body of a walking robot the determination of the actual position of the body,…
1890 – Assisted-walking Device – Nicholas Yagn (Russian)
Nicholas Yagn, of St.Petersburg, Russia, designed a set of walking, jumping, and running assisted apparatus from 1889-1890. An earlier version used a giant bow spring. The final version used compressed gas bags to store the energy. An example of a passive and human-powered exoskeleton . Patent number: 440684 Filing date: Feb 11, 1890…
1889 – Walking Machine – Ira C.C. Rinehart (American)
Source: St Paul Globe 10 Dec 1889 A WALKING MACHINE A Minneapolis Man Comes to the Front With a Novel Invention. A Minneapolis man comes to the front with a walking machine. It is a cool, breezy day with a refrigerator in the corner when there is anything invented any…
Bessonov and Umnov 6-legged walking machine 1983
Bessonov and Umnov 6-legged walking machine 1983
bessonov
1969 – G.E. Man-Mate Industrial Manipulator – Ralph Mosher / Donald A. Kugath (American)
Video of Man-Mate CAM 1600 c1976 (narrated by Isaac Asimov). Text of above. New Industrial Boom Is Displayed by GE Schenectady General Electric recently displayed the third member of its family of "Industrial manipulators," the Man-Mate CAM 1600 industrial boom for material handling. The CAM 1600, like other Man-Mate booms,…
1969-72 – Six-Legged Walking Machine – Mocci, Petternella, Salinari (Italian)
Six-legged Walking Machine by Petternella et al. (Instituto di Automatica, Roma, Italia) Mocci, U., M. Petternella and S. Salinari (1973), "Experiments with six-legged walking machines with fixed gait" Vukobratovich M. Shagayuschie roboty i antropomorfnye mehanizmy / M. Vukobratovich. – Moscow : Mir, 1976. – 544p. M.Peternella (Rome, Institute of Automatics) with…
1960c – “Golden Horse” Walking Machine – Maratori – (Italian)
An entirely different approach by Spartaco Maratori(8) produced his 'Golden Horse' which, in the final analysis, is somewhat similar to Shigley's approach. Maratori based his concept on an analysis of the locomotion of the horse. He studied the way horses walk, trot, and gallop and after carefully cataloging the various…
1955 – TEAL walking model – Peter Holland (British)
"TEAL" is an acronym for Tripedal Electronic Ambulatory Locomotive. The walking model's appearance and colour scheme, as well as its name plays on a duck theme. Model Size - 12" x 5" x 8". The model featured in Model Maker magazine, June 1955. TEAL appears to be the first ever hobby…
1944 – Betelgeuse Walking Cities – Frank R. Paul (American)
Amazing Stories, September 1944 Title: Stories of the Stars: Betelgeuse, in Orion Author: Morris J. Steele Year: 1944 Variant Title of: Stories of the Stars: Betelgeuse in Orion (by uncredited ) The back covers of 'Amazing Stories' featured fanciful illustrations of life on far-off worlds. "This weird scene on a…
1980 – Hexapod – J.J. Kessis (French)
Teleoperations and robotics: evolution and development Jean Vertut, Philippe Coiffet - 1986 J.J. Kessis at the University of Paris VII developed an interesting vehicle with six articulated legs, with a pantograph, allowing coordination to be carried out mechanically in the plane of the leg. The high compliance of the chassis…
1937 – “Professor Arcadius” – Durand & Decamps (French)
Gaston Decamps participated also in the International Exhibition of 1937, creating with his friend Paul Durand, the "Professeur Arcadius" for the Pavilion of the Toy. New Scientist 12th Apr 1962 Another modern automaton, this time a writer, is known as Professor Arcadius. He was built by M M. Durand and Decamps…
1976 – “Mike” “Microtron” -Tod Loofbourrow (American)
Interface Age article pdf here BOOK REVIEW from early KIM magazine TITLE: How to build a computer controlled robot AUTHOR: Tod Loofbourrow PUBLISHER: Hayden Book Co. #5681-8 $7.95 If youre looking for a book which presents a nuts and bolts approach to robot construction--you'll want to look at…
Mike-Microtron-InterfaceAge-Apr1977
Mike-Microtron-InterfaceAge-Apr1977
1976 – Entropy – Gene Oldfield (American)
ENTROPY— BUILDING A ROBOT FROM SCRATCH Gene Oldfield, began building his first major homebrew robot around 1976. Entropy, as it was called, was a mobile, three-wheeled robot powered by a car battery. A KIM single-board computer was interfaced to the sensors and relays by only seven microchips, which means that…
1984 – Moth , a light-seeking robot – Gene Oldfield (American)
Extract from the book "Everyone Can Build a Robot Book " by Gene Oldfield and Kendra Bonnet, 1984. "The concept behind the Moth is very simple. When you turn on the robot in a dark room, the photocells have a high resistance rate that blocks the flow of electricity. The…
1966 – Rodnee Robot – Chris Southall (British)
18th September 1966: Chris Southall and the students of Farnborough College take Robot Rodnee for a walk in London during Rag Week*. (Photo by William Lovelace/Express/Getty Images) The robot was to walk 50 miles to London to raise money for charity. *Rag Week - a week at British universities during…
1960 – Rudy the Robot – Michael Freeman (American)
Michael Freeman's first robot was RUDY, a robot he designed and entered into the Westinghouse Science Fair in 1960, aged 13 where he won first place!. Rudy was a mechanical robot that could walk around by using a tether and wheels, and could remember where it went so that later on,…
Cybernetic-moth-gene-oldfield-1984
Cybernetic-moth-gene-oldfield-1984
1969 – Syntelmann – Kleinwächter (German)
Syntelmann II - Electric Tele-manipulator with 9 degrees of freedom per arm, position- and force-controlled sensors for forces, sounds, temperatures (in front), operator with exo-skeleton transducer system, force feedback system, and stereo image transmission system (in the back). The "Syntelmann" was developed by Kleinwaechter in Freiburg, Germany, parallel to the…
Wissenschaft-Jul-1970-bdw
Wissenschaft-Jul-1970-bdw
Syntelmann – NASA English translation from German 1972
Syntelmann - NASA English translation from German 1972
1964 – Robot K-456 – Nam June Paik (Korean) & Shuya Abe (Japanese)
Title: Robot K-456 Creators: Nam June Paik and Shuya Abe. Japan, 1964. (Construction started in 1963 with Nam Jun and his brother and was completed in 1964 with the aid of Abe helping with the electronics). Description: Originally intended to be a 30-channel radio-controlled robot,  but ended up as a 20-channel radio-controlled anthropomorphic robot. In…
1991 – Pitman – Jeff Moore (American)
Pitman Designed as an "enhanced special forces capability for low intensity conflicts and counterterrorists". It was conceived at Los Alamos National Laboratory by Jeff Moore of Advanced Weapons Technology Group. The operator is housed in a 500 Lbs fiberglass, polymer/ceramic composite armor called Body Armor, Powered (BAP). Pitman is capable…
1989 – Man-Amplifier – Mark Rosheim (American)
The Man-Amplifier The figure above shows a model of the Man-Amplifier proposed by Ross-Hime Designs. It has twenty-six degrees-of-freedom, excluding the hands. A 500 Lbs load capacity is engineered. The modular building block approach applied to the arm and leg actuators simplifies maintenance and reduces parts inventory. Singularity free, pitch-yaw…
1976-2009 SABOR V “Orbitus” – Peter Steuer / EBM (Swiss)
A period photo of SABOR as "ORBITUS" - Image courtesy Barbara Douvalakis - Peter Steuer's daughter. SABOR V in the "Die Roboter Kommen!" exhibition in Berlin, 2007. Sabor's remaining spares held in the EBM Museum, Switzerland. SABOR V with his "Orbitus" head gear taken off. In 1964, Sabor conformed to…