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1955-57 – Maze Solver – M. Gavrilova (Ðœ.А.Гаврилова) (Russian)

Maze currently found in Polytechnic Museum of Science and Technology , Moscow. Cybernetic model "Mouse in the maze" (see video clip here) [Thanks Joseba Arruabarrena as the video clip is now on youtube.]  One of the first developments in the field of cybernetics in the Soviet Union. Modeling ability to…
Read more » 1955-57 – Maze Solver – M. Gavrilova (Ðœ.А.Гаврилова) (Russian)

1952 – “Theseus” Maze-Solving Mouse – Claude Shannon (American)

Internals showing N-S, E-W carriage, Relays, Uni-selector, motors, amongst other electrical components.  See 18 mins 51 secs in for 27 seconds. See 9 mins 16 secs in for 32 seconds. As the 1952 maze solver was recently at the MIT Museum. Picture from Life Magazine 28 July 1952. Top trace…
Read more » 1952 – “Theseus” Maze-Solving Mouse – Claude Shannon (American)

1977 – “Maizie the Robot” – David Strange (British)

Maisie the Robot (c1977) with David Strange. From a comment below, David Strange informs me that the robot he called Maizie was a maze solving robot whilst he was working for the BBC Open University. It was used in several programmes on cognitive psychology. Thanks David. From further correspondence with David…
Read more » 1977 – “Maizie the Robot” – David Strange (British)

1950 – Maze Solver – J. J. Coupling (John Pierce) – (American)

In the pulp magazine "Astounding Science Fiction" of August, 1950, J. J. Coupling (Pseudonym) wrote an article titled "How To Build A Thinking Machine". It used a trial and error approach, using a maze as an example. There is no evidence to date that suggests it was ever realized.   The article is…
Read more » 1950 – Maze Solver – J. J. Coupling (John Pierce) – (American)

1935 Maze Solver – Dr. Stevenson Smith and Thomas Ross

MECHANICAL RAT FINDS WAY IN MAZE  - Popular Science Nov 1935 As if endowed with powers of reasoning, a mechanical “rat” devised by Dr. Stevenson Smith, University of Washington psychologist, threads its way through an artificial maze like those used to study the behavior of living rats. The three-wheeled, electric-powered device…
Read more » 1935 Maze Solver – Dr. Stevenson Smith and Thomas Ross

1966 – Mechanical Rat – Meredith Thring (British)

Pittsburgh Post-Gazette - Feb 1, 1967 ........  He [Professor Meredith Wooldridge Thring, 51, professor of mechanical engineering at London's Queen Mary College] suggested a trip to one of his laboratories. "Here you see our mechanical rat," he explained. He pointed to a gadget about the size of a boy's electric…
Read more » 1966 – Mechanical Rat – Meredith Thring (British)

1962 – MELPAR Bionic Maze – R.J. Lee (American)

pdf - Popular Electronics October 1962 Bionics Bionic "Mouse." As mentioned earlier, RCA is working on a far more complicated moving-target indicator containing hundreds of neurons which operates on the same principle. But perhaps the most important piece of neural-bionic hardware to come out of the laboratories so far is a…
Read more » 1962 – MELPAR Bionic Maze – R.J. Lee (American)

1959 – Labyrinth solver with Ariadne’s Thread – Zemanek & Eier (Austrian)

Now in the Vienna Technical Museum. Period photo showing Richard Eier opening the covers of the Labyrinth. Zitat:  Gerhard Chroust, "Cybernetic Animals at the Technical University of Vienna" , in IFSR Newsletter, Vol. 18, Nummer 2, Seite(n) 2, 1999  CYBERNETIC ANIMALS AT THE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF VIENNA G. Chroust Around…
Read more » 1959 – Labyrinth solver with Ariadne’s Thread – Zemanek & Eier (Austrian)

1951 – SNARC Maze Solver – Minsky / Edmonds (American)

In 1951 Marvin Minsky teamed with Dean Edmonds build the first artificial neural network that simulated a rat finding its way through a maze. They designed the first (40 neuron) neurocomputer, SNARC (Stochastic Neural Analog Reinforcement Computer), with synapses that adjusted their weights (measures of synaptic permeabilities) according to the…
Read more » 1951 – SNARC Maze Solver – Minsky / Edmonds (American)

1936 – “Robie” the Radio-Controlled Robot – Arthur Wilson (American)

Caption: Here is "Robie," the amazing radio controlled mechanical man that can do practically everything but think. He is the brain child of Arthur Wilson of Chicago, Illinois. Modern Mechanix December 1936 Mechanical Wonder Man Is Operated By Radio Control "Robie," a mechanical robot walks, talks, smokes and winks his…
Read more » 1936 – “Robie” the Radio-Controlled Robot – Arthur Wilson (American)

1950-1 – Maze Runner – Ian P. Howard (England)

  Ian P. Howard with his Maze Runner (Photo supplied by Ian P. Howard - April 2008)  Note the novel use of hexagonal tiles to give the branched track. Prof. Dr. Ian P. Howard Distinguished Research Professor of Psychology and Biology Founder of the Centre for Vision Research York University…
Read more » 1950-1 – Maze Runner – Ian P. Howard (England)

1977-79 – “Moonlight Special” Battelle Inst. (American)

"Moonlight Special" Photo at  Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories  Top - "Moonlight Special" , Middle- "Moonlight Flash"  , Bottom Right - "Midnight Express" all in full dress. In 1977, Machine Design sponsored yet another mouse contest, "The great Clock Climbing Contest", coupled with the rediscovered information of the 1972 "Le Mouse…
Read more » 1977-79 – “Moonlight Special” Battelle Inst. (American)

1979-80 HEBOT I, II & III – John FitzGerald (British)

Hobby Electronics magazine (November 1979-January 1980) describes an autonomous robot. HEBOT is a free roaming robot which can negotiate obstacles, steer towards a light (infra red) and follow a wire (A.C. current) around your home. HEBOT emits a squeak when it detects light or following a collision. Control is transferred…
Read more » 1979-80 HEBOT I, II & III – John FitzGerald (British)

1960 – “Minotaur” Remote Manipulator – General Mills (American)

 The Los Alamos Minotaur—presumably so called because of its bull-like strength and man-like arms—is an exception to the statement that electrical unilateral manipulator arms are used singly (fig. 108 below). A pair of manipulator arms plus a second pair of adjustable arms holding lights and TV cameras protrude from a…
Read more » 1960 – “Minotaur” Remote Manipulator – General Mills (American)

W. Grey Walter, Edmund C. Berkeley, Ivan E. Sutherland and the Tortoise

Who is Ivan E. Sutherland? Ivan was born in 1938, Nebraska, USA and is a computer pioneer, inventing Sketchpad, being the first what we now call a Graphical User Interface (GUI). He also built a walking machine, but that will be the subject to another post later. As an under-graduate student,…
Read more » W. Grey Walter, Edmund C. Berkeley, Ivan E. Sutherland and the Tortoise

1963 – Conditioned Cybernetic Machine – Cautela and Mikaelian (American)

A Machine Capable of Being Conditioned Joseph R. Cautela; Harutune Mikaelian The American Journal of Psychology, Vol. 76, No. 1. (Mar., 1963), pp. 128-134. RH2009-Its interesting to note that in the introduction is says "type of conditioned reflex machine developed by Slukin, who tells of a machine that was conditioned…
Read more » 1963 – Conditioned Cybernetic Machine – Cautela and Mikaelian (American)

1958 – Machina Reproducatrix – Angyan (Hungarian)

The model seen here is  Dr. Andre  (Andrew) John Angyan's first cybernetic model, Machine Reproducatrix, built in Budapest, Hungary.  It very much follows the Grey Walter tortoise in terms of construction and function (of CORA - Machina Docilis).  His later machines, constructed by Kretz with Zemanek, are the subject of a later…
Read more » 1958 – Machina Reproducatrix – Angyan (Hungarian)

1960 – “Beauregard” the Robot – Tom Graham (American)

1960 - "Beauregard" the Robot by Tom Graham. There are 17 buttons on the control panel, which Tom uses to make the mechanical man do his bidding. Aided by his machinist dad, the lad labored for 15 months to perfect the robot. Operating a 17-button control panel, Tom Graham is…
Read more » 1960 – “Beauregard” the Robot – Tom Graham (American)

1956 – Mechanical Animal – William Robert “Bert” Sutherland / Ivan E. Sutherland – (American)

 This copy of a letter from 1957 describes the first "Mechanical Animal" built by the Sutherland brothers, Bert and Ivan.     Here’s a transcript of the letter sent from Ivan E. Sutherland to Grey Walter in 1957: Nov 10. [IES  to WGW] “Dear Sir: Early last month I had sent…
Read more » 1956 – Mechanical Animal – William Robert “Bert” Sutherland / Ivan E. Sutherland – (American)

1985 – Robot George – Dan Mathias (American)

Built in 1985 Robot George, it's 25 years old Dan Mathias first big robot and 40 inches tall, and weights 110 lbs, has one Pentium III - 600 MHz Lap-Top, with 128 meg ram and 20 Gig ide hard drive, sound blaster voice input, voice syntheses and image processing and…
Read more » 1985 – Robot George – Dan Mathias (American)
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