1960 – Stanford Cart – (American)

A young Hans Moravec with the Stanford Cart c1977. One of the more documented Autonomous Vehicles is the Stanford Cart, having an active career starting as a research vehicle for remote moon missions, a White-line follower in 1966, through to its last active role in 1980 as an Autonomous research vehicle. Les Earnest has the …

1958 – Conditional Probability Computer / Trolley – Uttley / Andrew (English)

 Fig. 2 of New Scientist article Alex Andrew graduated in Mathematics and Natural Philosophy at Glasgow University, Scotland, then joined the Departments of Physiology and Psychological Medicine there. Part of this time was spent on leave of absence with Warren McCulloch’s group in MIT. Work in Glasgow was largely on electronic instrumentation for neurophysiology, and …

1962 – Big Cyber Tortoise – (Russian)

Translation:  "The Big Cyber Tortoise – a mobile adaptive automat. Made in 60-s by the experimental factory of the former ZNANIE (http://www.znanie.org/OZR/history.htm ) It has technical vision and sounds recognition and able to find a light source and avoid obstacles".   This tortoise is in the Polytechnical Museum in Moscow (http://eng.polymus.ru/)   Turtle has hearing and eyesight, …

1961 – Ferdinand Autonomous Robot Mod I – JHU APL (American)

  JOHNS HOPKINS APL TECHNICAL DIGEST, VOLUME 24, NUMBER 1 (2003) p59 APL has had a distinguished history in decision support and situational awareness. For example, during the 1950s and 1960s, the Laboratory was critically engaged in the development of weapon control systems and the Navy Tactical Data System (NTDS), and performed the first experiments …

1952 – Unknown Robot – M.I.T. (American)

Little is known about this roving robot. It is tethered, so not truely autonomous.  Responses are drive motion and direction, as well as arm movement as well as hand movement, with an up-down movement probably being a 'yes' response, and a sideways shake being a 'no' response. The demonstrator is using multiple touchpoints around the …