1959 – Sverdlovsk Cybernetic Tortoise – (Soviet)

English text translated from the original German: (for pictures and diagrams, see pdf below) The Cybernetic Model "Tortoise" Cybernetics – In recent years, a new science was born. It enables machines to replace with highly skilled human labor, eg by electronic calculators. These machines are very complicated in structure, and only specialists with high qualifications …

1965 – Cybernetic Tortoise – (Russian)

Простая кибернетика Автор:Е. Копытов, Ð’. Салов, Т. Шорикова Название:Простая кибернетика Издательство:Молодая гвардия Год:1965 ———————- Simple cybernetics Author: E. Kopytov, V. Salov, T. Shorikova Title: A simple cybernetics Publisher: Young Guard Year: 1965 Thanks to Waldemar DekaÅ„ski  from Poland for locating the source for this Cybernetic Tortoise. Original Russian text originally used found here.   Pioneer in the …

1964 – Cybernetique Tortue (Cybernetic Tortoise) – Armand Delsemme (Belgian)

Les amateurs de « zoologie » électronique sont aujourd'hui légion. Ici, une « tortue » réalisée par le chercheur belge André[sic] Delsemme et qui, comme ses consoeurs, est capable d'apprentissage (arch. ph. Boulanger/Ministère de l'Éducation nationale — Service Cinématographique, Bruxelles). English Translation The amateurs of electronic “zoology” are now legion. Here, a “cybernetic tortoise” made …